How to Use the STDEV.S Function in Excel

The standard deviation is a descriptive statistic that tells us about the dispersion—or spread—of a set of data. Just like using many other formulas in statistics, the calculation of a standard deviation is a fairly tedious process to do by hand. Fortunately, statistical software speeds up this calculation considerably. Statistical Software There are many software packages that do statistical calculations, but one of the most readily accessible programs is Microsoft Excel. Although we could use a step-by-step process using the formula for a standard deviation for our calculation, it is possible to complete this calculation using one Excel function. Populations and Samples Before moving on to the specific commands used to calculate a standard deviation, it is important to distinguish between a population and a sample. A population is the set of every individual being studied. A sample is a subset of a population. The difference between these two concepts means the difference in how a standard deviation is calculated. Standard Deviation in Excel To use Excel to determine the sample standard deviation of a set of quantitative data, type these numbers into a group of adjacent cells in a spreadsheet. In an empty cell type what is in the quotation marks STDEV.S(  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Following this type the location of the cells where the data is and then close the parentheses with ​). This can alternatively be done by use of the following procedure. If our data is located in cells A2 to A10, then (omitting the quotation marks) STDEV.S(A2:A10) will obtain the sample standard deviation of the entries in cells A2 to A10. Rather than typing the location of the cells where our data is located, we can use a different method. This involves typing the first half of the formula STDEV.S(, and clicking on the first cell where the data is located. A colored box will appear around the cell that we have selected. We then drag the mouse until we have selected all of the cells that contain our data. We finish this by closing the parentheses. Cautions There a few cautions that must be made in using Excel for this calculation. We need to make sure that we do not mix up out functions. The Excel formula STDEV.S closely resembles STDEV.P. The former is typically the necessary formula for our calculations, as it is used when our data is a sample from a population. In the event that our data constitutes the entire population being studied, then we would want to use STDEV.P. Another thing that we must be careful about concerns the number of data values. Excel is limited by the number of values that can be entered into the standard deviation function. All of the cells that we use for our calculation must be numerical. We must be sure that error cells and cells with text in them are not entered into the standard deviation formula.

Personal Experience Environmental Justice and...

Before this semester started, I had no idea what environmental justice was. I have come a long way since then and I have learned a lot. I have learned a lot more than I will be able to talk about in this essay. For this reason I have narrowed it down to three important topics that I find interesting and I feel I have learned the most about. Three things I have learned and will take with me after this course are Environmental racism, mountaintop removal, and ecological imperialism. One thing I have learned and I will take with me after this class is environmental racism. Environmental racism is to put a minority group or any group at a disadvantage, to treat them less that or as if they are not equal to you. These people are not given the same standards as people in different neighborhoods. These people are forced to put up with having to live in conditions that are not as safe or hazard free but they have no choice because they don’t have as much power as the people putting th ose hazards there. Environmental racism is something that we should all be aware of and something that we should all strive to end. Environmental racism is one thing that I have learned a lot about and I will definitely take with me after class. Another thing that I have learned and I will take with me after class is mountaintop removal. Mountaintop removal is when the top of a mountain is blown up and removed in order to acquire the coal. This is a very wasteful way of mining. They waste the treesShow MoreRelatedThe Role of a Community Counselor1735 Words   |  7 Pagesand oriented toward social justice (Lewis, Lewis, Daniels, amp; DAndrea, 2011). 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Is Gay Parenting Bad for the Kids Free Essays

â€Å"Is Gay Parenting Bad for the Kids? † In the society we live in today, many people believe that being raised by a homosexual or lesbian couple isn’t a good thing for the children. Based on the article â€Å"Is Gay Parenting Bad for the Kids? † it seems to me that Charles C. W. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Gay Parenting Bad for the Kids? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cooke (the author) and Dr. Mark Regenerus also believe that gay parenting is a bad thing. In the article, Cooke says that gay parenting is a bad thing because, â€Å"the child(ren) will end up different† or â€Å"the children are going to be missing at least one of their biological parents and they might experience some instability. Even though this article is defending the fact that gay parenting is bad for children, there are a few key points that challenge this statement because I believe that homosexual and lesbian couples are just as good as heterosexual couples when it comes to raising children. The first key point is that the article states that, â€Å"two women parents better on average than a woman and man, or at least than a woman and man with a traditional division of family labor. † This statement is basically saying that two women (on average) are better when it comes to staying in a relationship when it comes to raising children. Most heterosexual couples divorce even though they have family together, but lesbian couples continue to work things out in spite of their kids. That is a point that makes a comparison between lesbian and heterosexual couples. The next point is that, â€Å"children raised by homosexual or lesbian parents are as likely as children raised by heterosexual parents to be healthy, successful, and well-adjusted. † This means that no matter what sexual orientation the parents are, the child is not going to become a failure in life. They are still going to go to school, graduate, and become something in life. Just because the parents didn’t graduate doesn’t mean the child won’t graduate. Just because the parent didn’t become something in life doesn’t mean the child won’t. The last reason is that â€Å"marriage between gay partners will enhance the family’s stability and therefore be good for the children. † This also proves that there is nothing wrong with homosexual or lesbian couples being parents. I feel as long as the family is stable, then it shouldn’t matter if the parents are homosexual, lesbian, or heterosexual. In my opinion, I think that it has nothing to do with the children. I think that it is just a stereotypical issue. Many people feel that because in most states gay marriage is not legal (yet) that homosexuals and lesbians shouldn’t be parents. This article challenges and defends whether or not gay parenting is bad for the children. Even though majority of the article is against gay parenting, the challenging points stand out more than any of the other evidence. In conclusion, I do not think that gay parenting is bad for children. When the children start to understand what is going on, they have their own choices to make on whether to be stable and become something in life or worry about missing a biological parent and becoming unstable. How to cite Is Gay Parenting Bad for the Kids?, Essay examples